The Prevalence and Determinants of Vitamin D Inadequacy among U.S. Older Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014.
Cureus. 2019 Aug 1;11(8):e5300. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5300.
Orces C1, Lorenzo C2, Guarneros JE3.
1 Rheumatology, Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, USA.
2 Rheumatology, University of Texas, San Antonio, USA.
3 Medicine, Universidad Anáhuac, Huixquilucan, MEX.
Deficiency of Vitamin D category starts with the following__
- Many reasons why vitamin D deficiency has become epidemic
- 22 of the 38 reasons are recent
- Overview Deficiency of vitamin D
- Vitamin D levels are dropping rapidly – what you need to do
- Update Reasons for Low Vitamin D and what to do with a concise table
- Air Pollution reduces Vitamin D
- Smoking reduces vitamin D 33 studies as of Oct 2019
- Low Vitamin D is worse for your health than smoking
- Many categories of people are at High Risk of low vitamin D -
49 studies Women category starts with the following
- Pregnancy category listing has
750 items along with related searches - Infant-Child category listing has
606 items along with related searches - Cancer - Breast category listing has
223 items along with related searches - Fertility and sperm category listing has
109 items along with related searches - Cancer - Ovarian category listing has
21 items along with related searches - Calcium and Vitamin D category listing has
192 items along with related searches
Excessive Calcium supplementation is very bad for the body, and not needed by your bones- Search for HRT OR "hormone replacement therapy" 301 items as of Jan 2019
- Search for PCOS 524 as of Feb 2020
- Search for VAGINOSIS 271 as of April 2018
- Search for UTI OR "URINARY TRACT INFECTION" 367 items as of Jan 2019
- PMS decreased when Vitamin D was added
- Endometriosis treated, and perhaps prevented, by vitamin D
- Every one of top 10 female health problems is associated with low Vitamin D
- Overview Women and Vitamin D
Overview Dark Skin and Vitamin D contains the following summary
FACT - - People with dark skins have more health problems and higher mortality rate than those with light skins
FACT - - People with dark skins have low levels of vitamin D
FACT - - People with light skins who have low vitamin D have health problems
OBSERVATION - - The health problems of whites with low level of vitamin D are similar to those with dark skins
CONCLUSION - - People with dark skins have more health problems due to low levels of vitamin DBlacks die more often than whites of many diseases (they have less vitamin D) – 2012 contains the following summary
Cancer Facts & Figures for African Americans Cancer.org- “African Americans have the highest death rate and shortest survival of any racial and ethnic group in the US for most cancers”
- Has a huge number of tables and charts, Note: Vitamin D is not mentioned
Leading Causes of Death as of March 2018
All Ages Death rate Black White Ratio Heart diseases 217 171 1.27 Cancer 199 170 1.17 Cerebrovascular diseases 51 36 1.4 Diabetes 40 19 2.0 Rates per 100,000 Age adjusted Non-Hispanic
10 reasons why seniors need more vitamin D has the following
- Senior skin produces 3X less Vitamin D for the same sun intensity
- Seniors have fewer vitamin D receptors as they age
(The effect of low Vitamin D receptor genes does not show up on vitamin D test results) - Seniors are indoors more than when when they were younger
not as agile, weaker muscles; frail, no longer enjoy hot temperatures
(if outside, stay in the shade), however, seniors might start outdoor activities like gardening, biking, etc. - Seniors wear more clothing outdoors than when younger
fear skin cancer/wrinkles, sometimes avoid bright light after cataract surgery - Seniors often take various drugs which reduce vitamin D (some would not show up on vitamin D test) statins, chemotherapy, anti-depressants, blood pressure, beta-blockers, etc
- Seniors often have one or more diseases which consume vitamin D ( osteoporosis, diabetes, MS, ...)
- Seniors generally put on weight at they age - and a heavier body requires more vitamin D
- Seniors often (40%) have fatty livers – which do not process vitamin D as well
- Seniors not have as much Magnesium needed to use vitamin D
(would not show up on vitamin D test) - Seniors with poorly functioning kidneys do not process vitamin D as well
(would not show up on vitamin D test) 2009 full text online Also PDF 2009 - Vitamin D is not as bioavailable in senior digestive systems (Stomach acid or intestines?)
- Category Seniors and Vitamin D
341 items Overview Obesity and Vitamin D contains the following summary
- FACT: People who are obese have less vitamin D in their blood
- FACT: Obese need a higher dose of vitamin D to get to the same level of vit D
- FACT: When obese people lose weight the vitamin D level in their blood increases
- FACT: Adding Calcium, perhaps in the form of fortified milk, often reduces weight
- FACT: 153 trials for vitamin D intervention of obesity as of Sept 2020
- FACT: Less weight gain by senior women with > 30 ng of vitamin D
- FACT: Dieters lost additional 5 lbs if vitamin D supplementation got them above 32 ng - RCT
- FACT: Obese lost 3X more weight by adding $10 of Vitamin D
- FACT: Those with darker skins were more likely to be obese Sept 2014
- OBSERVATION: Many mammals had evolved to add fat and vitamin D in the autumn
- and lose both in the Spring - unfortunately humans have forgotten to lose the fat in the Spring
- SUGGESTION: Probably need more than 4,000 IU to lose weight if very low on vitamin D due to
risk factors such as overweight, age, dark skin, live far from equator,shut-in, etc. - Obesity category has
352 items - Normal weight Obese (50 ng = 125 nanomole)
No such attachment on this page
Background Older adults (i.e., adults aged ≥ 60 years) are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to younger adults as a result of inadequate dietary vitamin D intake and limited exposure to sunlight. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the prevalence of vitamin deficiency and inadequacy among U.S. adults aged ≥ 60 years and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on 25, hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and its metabolites concentrations. Methods The present analysis was based on data from 6,261 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2007/2008 through 2013/2014. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy was described according to demographic, behavioral, and health characteristics. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/L; and vitamin D inadequacy was defined as < 50 nmol/L. Logistic regression models were assembled to examine the independent association of participants characteristics and the odds of having 25(OH)D inadequacy. Similarly, general linear models were used to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation doses on 25(OH)D and its metabolites concentrations.
Results The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency and inadequacy was 4.0% (standard error (SE), 0.4) and 17.4% (SE, 0.8), respectively. In general, the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency and inadequacy increased significantly among participants
- examined during the fall and winter months,
- women,
- non-Hispanic black patients,
- obese subjects,
- smokers,
- those physically inactive, and
- older adults with a daily vitamin D intake < 400 IU.
After adjustment for potential confounders, subjects
- examined during the fall and winter months,
- females,
- non-Hispanic blacks,
- obesity,
- having a sedentary lifestyle,
- smokers, and a
- total vitamin D intake < 400 IU/day
were variables significantly associated with increased odds of having vitamin D inadequacy. Notably, vitamin D supplement doses between 400 and 800 IU or > 800 IU/day were significantly correlated with higher 25(OH)D3 concentrations considered as sufficient.
Conclusion 25(OH)D inadequacy remains prevalent among U.S. older adults. Notably, optimal 25(OH)D3 concentrations were consistently seen among vitamin D supplement users. Despite this finding, nearly half of the participants did not take vitamin D supplements. Thus, vitamin D supplementation should be considered an effective strategy to maintain adequate 25(OH)D status among older adults.
Low vitamin D was again associated with winter, females, obesity, smoking, sedentary – Aug 2019670 visitors, last modified 04 Oct, 2019,
- Infant-Child category listing has
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