Severe COVID-19 2.5 X more likely if low vitamin D (23 studies) – 19th meta-analysis Oct 2021

The role of vitamin D deficiency on the Covid-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Epidemiol Health. 2021 Sep 23;e2021074. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2021074
Mehmet Onur Kaya 1, Esra Pamukçu 1, Burkay Yakar 1

Infection

Severity

Mortality - not quite significant

Objectives: Although vaccination has started, it seems that Covid-19 will continue to threaten public health for a long time. Therefore, in addition to the vaccine, the use of supplements to support the immune system may also be important. The main purpose of this study is to indicate the possible effect of low serum vitamin D (25(OH)D<20 ng/mL or 50nmol/L) on the Covid-19 infection and outcomes.

Methods: To accomplish our objectives, we searched on Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases without any language restrictions for articles between 01.01.2020 and 15.12.2020. We performed three meta-analyses to combine the OR values by paying attention to laboratory measurement units for vitamin D and the measured serum 25(OH)D level.

Results: 23 eligible studies involving the relationship between vitamin D and Covid-19 infection/outcomes were identified (n=206861). We applied three meta-analyses called D-CIMA, D-CSMA and D-CMMA for Covid-19 infection, severity, and mortality, respectively. According to obtained result from D-CIMA, one which has low serum vitamin D are

• 1.64 times (95%CI=[1.32-2.04],p<0.001) more likely to get Covid-19 infection

In D-CSMA, we found that people with the serum 25(OH)D level below 20ng/mL or 50nmol/L have

• 2.58 times (95%CI=[1.28-5.19],p=0.008) more likely to risk having severe Covid-19.

We obtained from D-CMMA that low vitamin D level has no effect on Covid-19 mortality (OR=2.42 95%CI=[0.73-8.04],p=0.148).

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of Covid-19 infection and the potential for the severity of the disease. Therefore, vitamin D supplements should be added to prevention and treatment protocols for Covid-19 disease.
 Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life

Vitamin D meta-analyses for Virus

COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos

• As of Nov 10, 2021, the page had:  34 trials,  6 trial results,   28 meta-analyses and reviews,   64 observations,   36 recommendations,   55 associations,  89 speculations,  48 videos   see related:   Governments,   HealthProblems,   Hospitals,  Dark Skins,   26 risk factors are ALL associated with low Vit D,   Recent Virus pages   Fight COVID-19 with 50K Vit D weekly   Vaccines