From the web:
- "A thrombotic stroke occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in one of the arteries that supply blood to your brain. A clot may be caused by fatty deposits (plaque) that build up in arteries and cause reduced blood flow (atherosclerosis) or other artery conditions."
- "There are 2 kinds of ischemic stroke: thrombotic stroke (the most common type) and embolic stroke"
Table of contents
- Emerging Role of Vitamin D and its Associated Molecules in Pathways Related to Pathogenesis of Thrombosis – Oct 2019
- A few references from 2019 study
- Reduced clotting after 300,000 IU Vitamin D loading dose - Oct 2019
- Deep Vein Thrombosis during stroke rehab was 4.7 X more likely if low vitamin D – July 2018
- Low vitamin d is associated with thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus - 2018
- The relationship between vitamin D status and idiopathic lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis - June 2014
Emerging Role of Vitamin D and its Associated Molecules in Pathways Related to Pathogenesis of Thrombosis – Oct 2019
by Syed Mohammad, Aastha Mishra and Mohammad Zahid Ashraf *
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
Biomolecules 2019, 9(11), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9110649 (registering DOI)
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Vitamin D, besides having an essential role in calcium and bone metabolism, also acts as a mediator of many non-calcemic effects through modulations of several biological responses. Vitamin D exists in its two major forms, vitamin D2, or commonly known as ergocalciferol, and vitamin D3, or commonly known as cholecalciferol. Both of these forms bind to vitamin D-binding protein to get transported to all vital target organs, where it serves as a natural ligand to vitamin D receptors for enabling their biological actions. Clinical reports corroborating vitamin D deficiency with an increase in thrombotic episodes implicate the role of vitamin D and its associated molecule in the regulation of thrombosis-related pathways. Thrombosis is the formation and propagation of a blood clot, known as thrombus. It can occur either in the arterial or the venous system resulting in many severe complications, including myocardial infarction, stroke, ischemia, and venous thromboembolism. Vitamin D, directly or indirectly, controls the expression of several genes responsible for the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. All of these are the processes of potential relevance to thrombotic disorders. This review, thus, discussed the effects of vitamin D on pathways involved in thrombosis, such as hemostatic process, inflammatory pathway, and endothelial cell activation, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms associated with them.
A few references from 2019 study
- Targher, G.; Pichiri, I.; Lippi, G. Vitamin D, thrombosis, and hemostasis: more than skin deep. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 2012, 38, 114-124.
- Khademvatani, K.; Seyyed-Mohammadzad, M.H.; Akbari, M.; Rezaei, Y.; Eskandari, R.; Rostamzadeh, A. The relationship between vitamin D status and idiopathic lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis. Int. J. Gen. Med. 2014, 7, 303-309.
- Wu, W.X.; He, D.R., Low Vitamin D Levels Are Associated With the Development of Deep Venous Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Ischemic Stroke. Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. 2018, 24, 69S-75S.
- Blondon, M.; Rodabough, R.J.; Budrys, N.; Johnson, K.C.; Berger, J.S.; Shikany, J.M.; Raiesdana, A.; Heckbert, S.R.; Manson, J.E.; LaCroix, A.Z.; Siscovick, D. The effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on the risk of venous thromboembolism. Thromb. Haemost. 2015, 113, 999-1009.
- Topaloglu, O.; Arslan, M.S.; Karakose, M.; Ucan, B.; Ginis, Z.; Cakir, E.; Akkaymak, E.T.; Sahin, M.; Ozbek, M.; Cakal, E.; Delibasi, T. Is there any association between thrombosis and tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency? Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. 2015, 21, 428-433.
- Al Mheid, I.; Patel, R.; Murrow, J.; Morris, A.; Rahman, A.; Fike, L.; Kavtaradze, N.; Uphoff, I.; Hooper, C.; Tangpricha, V.; Alexander, R.W.; Brigham, K.; Quyyumi, A.A. Vitamin D status is associated with arterial stiffness and vascular dysfunction in healthy humans. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2011, 58, 186-192.
- Lindqvist, P.G.; Epstein, E.; Olsson, H. Does an active sun exposure habit lower the risk of venous thrombotic events? A D-lightful hypothesis. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2009, 7, 605-610.
- Brot, C.; Vestergaard, P.; Kolthoff, N.; Gram, J.; Hermann, A.P.; Sorensen, O.H. Vitamin D status and its adequacy in healthy Danish perimenopausal women: relationships to dietary intake, sun exposure and serum parathyroid hormone. Br. J. Nutr.2001, 86, S97-103.
Reduced clotting after 300,000 IU Vitamin D loading dose - Oct 2019
Thrombin generation and fibrin clot structure after vitamin D supplementation - Oct 2019
Endogenous thrombin potential and thrombin generation peak values both decreased significantly:-95.4nM*min to -15.1nM*min
Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life
Deep Vein Thrombosis during stroke rehab was 4.7 X more likely if low vitamin D – July 2018
Deep Vein Thrombosis during stroke rehab was 4.7 X more likely if low vitamin D – July 2018
Low vitamin d is associated with thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus - 2018
Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life
The relationship between vitamin D status and idiopathic lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis - June 2014
Int J Gen Med. 2014 Jun 19;7:303-9. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S64812. eCollection 2014.
Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life