In the absence of any underlying risk of vitamin D deficiency:
- pregnant women: a single dose of 80,000 to 100,000IU at the beginning of the 7th month of pregnancy;
- breastfed infants: 1000 to 1200IU/day;
- children less than 18 months of age, receiving milk supplemented with vitamin D: an additional
daily dose of 600 to 800IU; - children less than 18 months of age receiving milk not supplemented with vitamin D:
daily dose of 1000 to 1200IU; - children from 18 months to 5 years of age: 2 doses of 80,000 to 100,000IU every winter (November and February
Includes a short list of risk-factors
- dark skin;
- lack of exposure of the skin to ultraviolet B [UVB] radiation from sunshine in summer;
- skin disease responsible for decreased exposure of the skin to UVB radiation from sunshine in summer;
- wearing skin-covering clothes in summer;
- intestinal malabsorption or maldigestion;
- cholestasis; (bile cannot flow from liver)
- renal insufficiency;
- nephrotic syndrome;
- drugs [rifampicin; antiepileptic treatment: phenobarbital, phenytoin];
- obesity;
- vegan diet