Relationship Between Preoperative 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Surgical Site Infection.
J Surg Res. 2019 Aug 16;245:338-343. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.036
Abdehgah AG1, Monshizadeh A2, Tehrani MM3, Afhami S4, Molavi B1, Jafari M1, Nasiri S1, Soroush A1.
This study considered < 30 ng = Low
- Low vitamin D at ICU admission is associated with cancer, infections, acute respiratory insufficiency and liver failure – Oct 2018
- Vitamin D might reduce suture infection when time-released from nano-structure suture – Nov 2017
- 1.5X increased infection, sepsis, and death if in ICU with low vitamin D - Meta-analysis Dec 2014
- Superbug (Clostridium difficile) Infections strongly associated with low vitamin D
- Hospital Acquired Infection, Mortality, Critically Ill and Vitamin D - 2017
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BACKGROUND:
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most important and costly complications of surgical operations. Vitamin D antimicrobial and wound healing effects have been recently shown in animal models and in laboratory settings. Furthermore, potential effects of vitamin D in mitigating nosocomial infections and SSIs have been examined at a limited scale. To our knowledge, no comprehensive study has been performed to show the relationship between preoperative level of vitamin D and incidence of SSI. The present study was designed and implemented to investigate this relationship.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We performed a prospective cross-sectional study involving 300 adult patients who were admitted to undergo surgery in our tertiary care unit from January 2016 to January 2018. Cutoff point was considered at a level of 30 (ng/mL) in defining vitamin D deficiency. The presence of any SSI was investigated and recorded at the time of discharge and at postoperative visits up to 30 d after the surgery. Cross-tabulation and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with unadjusted and adjusted odd ratio were used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables and to identify factors associated with SSIs.
RESULTS:
Overall, of 300 patients who were investigated, 39% had preoperative vitamin D deficiency and 11% developed SSI. In univariate logistic regressions, 20 predictors were selected to be included in the multivariate analysis. Finally preoperative level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, history of recent infection, preoperative and postoperative hospital length of stay, and postoperative blood transfusions were confirmed as statistically significant independent predictors of SSI.
CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative 25-hydroxy vitamin D level has a strong effect on postoperative SSI. Prospective double-blinded randomized clinical trials are required to confirm such strong relationship and to settle preoperative vitamin D measurement as a standard approach to reduce postoperative complications including SSI. Preoperative patient optimization, limiting hospital length of stay, and blood transfusion are other strategies to reduce SSI.
2X reduced infection in hepatobiliary surgery if >13 ng of Vitamin D - Oct 2020
Surgical site infection in hepatobiliary surgery Patients and Its Relationship With serum vitamin D concentration
Spanish Surgery, Volume 98, Issue 8, October 2020, Pages 456-464
Estefania Laviano a María Sanchez a María Teresa González-Nicolás a María Pilar Palacian bJavier López cYolanda Gilaberte dPilar Calmarza Calmarza e Antonio Rezusta b Alejandro Serrablo a
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cireng.2020.09.017
Introduction
While several studies have examined the correlation between vitamin D concentrations and post-surgical nosocomial infections, this relationship has yet to be characterized in hepatobiliary surgery patients. We investigated the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients in our hepatobiliary surgery unit.
Methods
Participants in this observational study were 321 successive patients who underwent the following types of interventions in the hepatobiliary surgery unit of our center over a 1-year period: cholecystectomy , pancreaticoduodenectomy , total pancreatectomy , segmentectomy , hepatectomy , hepaticojejunostomy and exploratory laparotomy . Serum vitamin D levels were measured upon admission and patients were followed up for 1 month. Mean group values were compared using a Student's T-test or Chi-squared test. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Student's T-test, the Chi-squared test, orlogistic regression models.
Results
Serum concentrations> 33.5 nmol / l reduced the risk of SSI by 50%. Out of the 321 patients analyzed, 25.8% developed SSI, mainly due to organ-cavity infections (incidence, 24.3%). Serum concentrations of over 33.5 nmol / l reduced the risk of SSI by 50%.
Conclusions
High serum levels of vitamin D are a protective factor against SSI (OR, 0.99). Our results suggest a direct relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and SSI, underscoring the need for prospective studies to assess the potential benefits of vitamin D in SSI prevention.