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Omega-3 might manage T2 Diabetes – March 2018

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review

Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism, online 12 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnim.2018.02.002
C. Itsiopoulosa, , 1, , W. Marxa, 1, H.L. Mayra, O.A. Tatucu-Babeta, S.R. Dashb, E.S. Georgea, c, G.L. Trakmana, J.T. Kellyd, C.J. Thomase, L. Brazionisf, g

Vitamin D Life

Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains the following summary

  • Diabetes is 5X more frequent far from the equator
  • Children getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D are 8X less likely to get Type 1 diabetes
  • Obese people get less sun / Vitamin D - and also vitamin D gets lost in fat
  • Sedentary people get less sun / Vitamin D
  • Worldwide Diabetes increase has been concurrent with vitamin D decrease and air conditioning
  • Elderly get 4X less vitamin D from the same amount of sun
        Elderly also spend less time outdoors and have more clothes on
  • All items in category Diabetes and Vitamin D 454 items: both Type 1 and Type 2

Vitamin D appears to both prevent and treat diabetes

  • Appears that >2,000 IU will Prevent
  • Appears that >4,000 IU will Treat , but not cure
  • Appears that Calcium and Magnesium are needed for both Prevention and Treatment
    • which are just some of the vitamin D cofactors

Number of articles in both categories of Diabetes and:

  • Dark Skin 22;   Intervention 49;   Meta-analysis 28;   Obesity 26;  Pregnancy 39;   T1 (child) 34;  Omega-3 10;  Vitamin D Receptor 18;  Genetics 10;  Magnesium 18    Click here to see details

Diabetes category starts with the following

454 items In Diabetes category

see also Overview Diabetes and vitamin D  Overview Metabolic Syndrome and vitamin D

Autoimmune category listing has 163 items along with related searches

T1 diabetes OR type1 diabetes in title 107 as of April 2018
prediabetes OR prediabetic 336 items as of Jan 2018
Search Vitamin D Life for Peripheral Neuropathy 238 items April 2018


Reasons why Omega-3 may not always help focuses on Alzheimer's, but many apply to Diabetes

  1. Quality of the Omega-3
       contaminants as well as the source - fish liver, salmon brain, krill, and plant
  2. Dose size used (200 mg is unlikely to be as good as 2000 mg)
  3. Larger dose size needed for a heavier person
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  4. Larger dose size needed if much of the Omega-3 is fighting other inflammation
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  5. The Omega-6 in the body can block the benefits of Omega-3
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  6. Genes - Alzheimers APoE4 gene limits DHA
       additional genes may limit Omega-3, Magnesium, and Vitamin D
  7. Fraction of Omega-3 EPA and DHA
  8. The Omega-3 Index is a proven measure of Omega-3 for the blood - but is rarely used in trials
       Suspect that Omega-3 benefit is only seen in those who were previously deficient
       Wonder if the Omega-3 index is a good proxy measure for Omega-3 in the brain
  9. Omega-3 might be less bio-available in those with poor guts/gallbladder surgery
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  10. Omega-3 might not help all three forms of Alzheimer's
    See book End of Alzheimer's - Bredesen

 Download the accepted manuscript from Vitamin D Life

Highlights

  • T2DM is a significant health burden with multiple associated comorbidities.
  • There are limited clinical data supporting omega-3 PUFA supplement use in T2DM.
  • There is consistent evidence for omega-3 PUFA in reducing elevated triglycerides.
  • Issues with omega-3 PUFA supplement use include safety, dose, and contraindications.

Background
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant health and financial burden to individuals and healthcare systems. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) possess numerous properties (e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-lipidemic) that may be beneficial in the management of T2DM and its complications.

Methods
In this narrative review, we discuss the potential mechanisms, clinical evidence-base, and practical considerations regarding the use of omega-3 PUFA supplementation for the management of glycaemic control and common comorbid conditions, including diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, liver disease, cognition and mental health, and cardiometabolic disease.

Results/conclusion
Omega-3 PUFA supplementation is generally well-tolerated and does not appear to be contraindicated for patients on anticoagulant therapy; however, uncertainty persists regarding the purity and stability of commercial omega-3 PUFA products. Despite promising animal studies, the current clinical evidence for the use of omega-3 supplementation for the management of T2DM and associated conditions is both limited and conflicting. Results from existing clinical trials do not support the use of omega-3 PUFA for glycaemic control and there are limited studies in T2DM populations to support the use of omega-3 PUFAs for associated complications of diabetes. Possible contributors to the conflicting evidence base are study design issues, such as inadequate intervention period, sample size, omega 3 supplement dose, variations in the EPA to DHA ratio and clinical heterogeneity among diabetic populations.

Abbreviations
PUFA, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid; HDL, High Density Lipoprotein; LDL, Low Density Lipoprotein; ALA, Alpha-linolenic Acid; EPA, Eicosapentaenoic Acid; DHA, Docosahexaenoic acid; DPA, Docosapentaenoic acid; T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; RCT, Randomized Controlled Trial; HbA1c, Glycated haemoglobin; VLDL, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein; CVD, Cardiovascular Disease; TG, Triglycerides; ALT, Alanine transaminase; AST, Aspartate transaminase; GGT, Gamma-glutamyltransferase; CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease; UPE, Urine Protein Excretion


Created by admin. Last Modification: Sunday March 18, 2018 15:43:46 GMT-0000 by admin. (Version 5)

Attached files

ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
9542 omega-3 diabetes.pdf PDF 2018 admin 18 Mar, 2018 14:01 591.61 Kb 1149
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