Assessment of the Methods Used to Develop Vitamin D and Calcium Recommendations—A Systematic Review of Bone Health Guidelines
Nutrients 2021, 13(7), 2423; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072423 (registering DOI)
by Zhaoli Dai 1,2,*OrcID,Joanne E. McKenzie 3,Sally McDonald 1OrcID,Liora Baram 1,Matthew J. Page 3,Margaret Allman-Farinelli 4OrcID,David Raubenheimer 4 andLisa A. Bero 1,5
Apparently no larger doses recommended for known risk factors such as
weight, obesity, skin color, lack of sun, etc.
Apparently no comment on non-daily dosing, which appears to be better
Bone - Health category starts with the following
See also
- Overviews: Osteoporosis, Fractures, Rickets Dental Hair
-
14 articles are in both Bone and Magnesium categories 26 articles are in both Bone and Vitamin K2 categories 16 articles are in both Bone and Sports categories 7 articles are in both Bone and Meta-analysis categories 23 articles are in both Fractures and Meta-analysis categories - Healthy bones need: Calcium, Vitamin D, Magnesium, Silicon, Vitamin K, and Boron – 2012
- Vitamin D Life pages with BONE MINERAL DENSITY or BMD in title 22 pages as of Oct 2021
- Hearing loss is associated with soft bones in ear
- Perhaps prevented and treated by Vitamin D
Calcium and Vitamin D category has the following summary
Calcium often causes major health problems
- Many studies have identified many health problems with Calcium supplementation
- < 750 mg of Calcium supplement daily - Vitamin D Life has recommended for 7 years
- Some believe that the health problems are due to the spike in blood Calcium from taking the Calcium only once per day - [https://nutritionfacts.org/2018/03/22/if-calcium-supplements-arCalciumen't-safe-what-about-calcium-in-food/?utm_source=NutritionFacts.org&utm_campaign=09083c9570-RSS_BLOG_WEEKLY&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_40f9e497d1-09083c9570-25209481&mc_cid=09083c9570&mc_eid=b95641625a|Dr. Greger - March 2018 text and short video]
- Perhaps there would be a shorter Calcium spike (and less of a problem) if take Calcium multiple times a day
- Perhaps also less of a problem if the source of supplement ifs plant-based
- [https://nutritionfacts.org/video/are-calcium-supplements-safe/|Calcium from milk also causes 5+ major health problems] 2015
- No apparent health problems from processed dairy products (cheese, yogurt, etc)
- Calcium supplements are less of a problem if have adequate Vitamin K
- which keeps Calcium from forming blood-system plaque
- [http://gut.bmj.com/content/early/2018/01/29/gutjnl-2017-315242 |2.7X increase in rate of Colon polyps in 6-10 years] RCT March 2018
- Calcium from food or supplements associated with more deaths (US Cohort of 31,000 people) – April 2019
- Is 50 ng of vitamin D too high, just right, or not enough
- Must balance co-factors when increasing vitamin D 500 Ca, 500 Mg - which has the following concept graph
- IoM again fails to look at interactions - Nov 2010
- has the graph: dangerous to have too much Calcium while having lots of vitamin D
Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life
Background: There are numerous guidelines developed for bone health. Yet, it is unclear whether the differences in guideline development methods explain the variability in the recommendations for vitamin D and calcium intake. The objective of this systematic review was to collate and compare recommendations for vitamin D and calcium across bone health guidelines, assess the methods used to form the recommendations, and explore which methodological factors were associated with these guideline recommendations.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and other databases indexing guidelines to identify records in English between 2009 and 2019. Guidelines or policy statements on bone health or osteoporosis prevention for generally healthy adults aged ≥40 years were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently extracted recommendations on daily vitamin D and calcium intake, supplement use, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level, and sunlight exposure. They assessed guideline development methods against 25 recommended criteria in the World Health Organization (WHO
) handbook for guideline development. Additionally, they identified types of evidence underpinning the recommendations. Results: we included 47 eligible guidelines from 733 records: 74% of the guidelines provided vitamin D (200~600–4000 IU/day) and 70% provided calcium (600–1200 mg/day) recommendations, 96% and 88% recommended vitamin D and calcium supplements, respectively, and 70% recommended a specific 25(OH)D concentration. On average, each guideline met 10 (95% CI: 9–12) of the total of 25 methodological criteria for guideline development recommended by the WHO Handbook. There was uncertainty in the association between the methodological criteria and the proportion of guidelines that provided recommendations on daily vitamin D or calcium. Various types of evidence, including previous bone guidelines, nutrient reference reports, systematic reviews, observational studies, and perspectives/editorials were used to underpin the recommendations.
Conclusions: There is considerable variability in vitamin D and calcium recommendations and in guideline development methods in bone health guidelines. Effort is required to strengthen the methodological rigor of guideline development and utilize the best available evidence to underpin nutrition recommendations in evidence-based guidelines on bone health.
Minimum National Vitamin D recommendations range from 200 to 4,000 IU – July 2021Printer Friendly PDF this page! Follow this page for updates354 visitors, last modified 15 Jul, 2021, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)