UVB light attenuates the systemic immune response in CNS autoimmunity
Johanna Breuer1,†, Nicholas Schwab PhD1,†, Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf PhD1, Martin Marziniak MD1,2, Hema Mohan PhD1, Urvashi Bhatia1, Catharina C. Groß PhD1, Björn E. Clausen PhD3, Carsten Weishaupt MD4, Thomas A. Luger MD4,5,6, Sven G. Meuth MD, PhD1,5,6, Karin Loser PhD4,5,6,* andHeinz Wiendl MD1,5,6,*
Annals of Neurology, DOI: 10.1002/ana.24165
Objective: Environmental conditions (e.g. latitude) play a critical role in the susceptibility and severity of many autoimmune disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of immune regulatory processes induced in the skin by moderate ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity.
Methods: Effects of UVB light were analyzed in a murine model of CNS autoimmunity (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)). Additionally, patients with relapsing-remitting MS were treated with narrowband UVB phototherapy. Immunomodulatory effects were examined in skin biopsies, serum samples and in immune cells of the peripheral blood.
Results: Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are induced locally in the skin-draining lymph nodes in response to UVB exposure, connect the cutaneous immune response to CNS immunity by migration to the sites of inflammation (blood, spleen, CNS). Here, they attenuate the inflammatory response and ameliorate disease symptoms. Treg-inducing tolerogenic Dendritic Cells (DCs) were further necessary for induction of this systemic immune regulation by UVB radiation since ablation of Langerhans cells abolished the UVB-induced phenotype. MS patients treated with UVB phototherapy showed an increase in induced Tregs and tolerogenic DCs accompanied by the downregulation of the T-cell effector cytokine interleukin (IL) -21. The treatment further induced elevated serum levels of vitamin D.
Interpretation: Local UVB radiation of the skin influences systemic immune reactions and attenuates systemic autoimmunity via the induction of skin-derived tolerogenic DCs and Tregs. Our data could have implications for the understanding or therapeutic modulation of environmental factors which influence immune tolerance.
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It has been known for many years that UVB, like vitamin D, reduces MS, TB, and other autoimmune diseases. This paper is starting to show how UVB actually helps.
See also Vitamin D Life
- Autoimmune category listing with associated searches
- Review of Autoimmune diseases, solar radiation and vitamin D – Schwalfenberg 2012
- SOLAR ultraviolet radiation and vitamin D: a historical perspective – Aug 2007
- UV, sunshine, and vitamin D (87 charts) - Holick March 2013
- Vitamin D produced by UVB – June 2013
- UV decreases Multiple Sclerosis via cis-urocanic acid (and via vitamin D) – June 2013
- Tuberculosis varies with UVB in Australia - March 2013
- Overview MS and vitamin D
- Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production – June 2012
- Video by Dr. Coimbra – 95 percent of auto-immune cured with vitamin D in high doses - April 2014
- Less intestinal cancer in mice if add vitamin D, but even less with ultraviolet light – June 2014
Items in both categories MS and UV are listed here:
- Sun reduces risk of Multiple Sclerosis via both Vitamin D and another way – Dec 2019
- UV helped EAE mice (MS) designed to not respond to Vitamin D – Oct 2019
- Multiple Sclerosis 2X more likely if low winter UV – June 2018
- Multiple Sclerosis half as likely if get plenty of sunshine (not a news item) – March 2018
- Clinically Isolated Syndrome progresses to Multiple Sclerosis, unless UVB treatments – RCT Dec 2017
- Vitamin D and Sun conference – Germany June 2017
- Multiple Sclerosis suppressed by an Ultraviolet wavelength not associated with Vitamin D (mice) – Nov 2016
- Multiple Sclerosis helped by UV – possibly via cytokines, etc. – Oct 2015
- Hypothesis – Multiple Sclerosis risk increases with low UV, viral infections, and antibiotics in childhood – March 2015
- How UVB reduces autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis – April 2014
- UV decreases Multiple Sclerosis via cis-urocanic acid (and via vitamin D) – June 2013
- MS prevention by UV is 2X better than prevention by vitamin D levels – Jan 2012
- There is more in UV than vitamin D which suppresses MS in mice – April 2010
- UV produces more than vitamin D – Aug 2011
- Lack of UV 20X more associated with MS than any other variable – Dec 2010
- Hypothesis - more in sunshine than vitamin D to reduce MS – Feb 2010
- MS UV and Vitamin D – 2009
- Lack of UV increased offspring MS - April 2010
- Mouse MS: UVB but not Vitamin D reduced incidence - April 2010