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Colon cancer 25 percent less likely if consume Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, etc.– Nov 2018

Combined Mineral Intakes and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Postmenopausal Women.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2018 Nov 21. pii: cebp.0412.2018. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0412.

Swaminath S1, Um CY2, Prizment AE3, Lazovich D4, Bostick RM5.
1 Epidemiology, Emory University.
2 Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society.
3 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, U. of Minnesota School of Public Health.
4 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota.
5 Department of Epidemiology, Emory University rmbosti at emory.edu.

BACKGROUND: Despite considerable biological plausibility, other than for calcium, there are few reported epidemiologic studies on mineral intake-colorectal cancer (CRC) associations, none of which investigated multiple minerals in aggregate.

METHODS:
Accordingly, we incorporated 11 minerals into a mineral score and investigated its association with incident CRC in the Iowa Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort study of 55 - 69-year-old women who completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1986. In the analytic cohort (n = 35, 221), 1,731 incident CRC cases were identified via the State Health Registry of Iowa. Participants'

  • calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, selenium, potassium, and iodine

intakes were ranked 1 - 5, with higher ranks indicating higher, potentially anti-carcinogenic, intakes, whereas for iron, copper, phosphorus, and sodium intakes, the rankings were reversed to account for their possible pro-carcinogenic properties. The rankings were summed to create each woman's mineral score. The mineral score-incident CRC association was estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

RESULTS: There was decreasing risk with an increasing score (P-trend = 0.001). The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for those in mineral score quintiles 2 - 5 relative to those in the lowest were 0.91 (CI, 0.88-1.08), 0.85 (CI, 0.75-0.95), 0.86 (CI, 0.75-0.97), and 0.75 (CI, 0.71-0.95), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a predominance of putative anti- relative to pro-colorectal carcinogenic mineral intakes may be inversely associated with CRC risk.

IMPACT: These results support further investigation of CRC etiology using composite mineral intake scores.


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