Abortion 3X higher risk if very low vitamin D – Jan 2016

HIGH PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN YAZD, A CENTRAL PROVINCE OF IRAN

JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND INFERTILITY JAN-MARCH 2016 , Vol 17 , # 1; Page(s) 34 To 38.
ONCHIETTI ROBERTO*, VAKILI MAHMOOD, DEHGHANI REYHANEH, ZARE FATEMEH
*DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, HAMADAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, HAMADAN, IRAN

66%	no problem
9.5%	preeclampsia,
6.5%	premature rupture of membrane,
9%	gestational diabetes
5.5%	abortion
3%	oligohydramnios,
0.5%	polyhydramnios

Background: There is a growing concern about the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with variety of diseases worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with pregnancy adverse effects in Yazd.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 200 nulliparous women from October 2013 to April 2014. Data containing socio-demographic and personal details, vitamin D level, pregnancy complications and growth situation of newborns were collected and analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient by SPSS. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean serum 1, 25 (OH)2D3 concentration was 20.3±10.8 mg/l. Totally, 78% of the women had less than sufficient levels. Mean of vitamin D was significantly higher in natural or elective cesarean in comparison with abortion and emergency cesarean (p=0.040). Risk of abortion was 3.1 (1.39-6.8) and higher in severely deficient group in comparison to women with vitamin D deficiency (p=0.017) and mean of vitamin D group was significantly lower in women who had oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios complication (p=0.045).

Conclusion: The study findings revealed that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in pregnant women and it is significantly associated with elevated risk for abortion, and oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios. Probably, a targeted screening strategy can be suggested to detect and treat women at high risk of vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy as a simple way to reduce the risk of these adverse pregnancy outcomes in Yazd.

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See also Vitamin D Life

• Recurrent spontaneous abortions associated with low vitamin D levels – Nov 2013
• Overview Autism and vitamin D
  include: HYPOTHESIS Folate ==> reduced miscarriage ==> increased autism
• Smoking while pregnant: are the problems due to low vitamin D – July 2013
  Smoking (==> reduces vitamin D) ==> increases miscarriage
• Miscarriage in first trimester 2.5X more likely if less than 20 ng of vitamin D – July 2015
• Miscarriage 70 percent more likely if low vitamin D (see also data on CYP27B1) – May 2016

Pregnancy category starts with

750 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also

• Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
• Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:
  Dark Skin 25;   Depression 17;   Diabetes 39;   Obesity 12;  Hypertension 35;   Breathing 29;  Omega-3 30;  Vitamin D Receptor 18
• All items in category Infant/Child 606 items
• breastfed 887 items as of Jan 2018
• Preeclampsia 825 items as of Jan 2018
• Pre-term 4710 items as of Dec 2018
• "polycystic ovary syndrome" OR PCOS 303 items as of Jan 2018
• Gestational Diabetes
• c-section OR "caesarean section" (various spellings) 937 items as of Aug 2020
• postpartum depression 208 items as of Aug 2018
• Search VitaminDiiki for MISCARRIAGE OR "Spontaneous abortion" 794 as of Feb 2020
• Search Vitamin D Life for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Feb 2017
• Fertility and Sperm category listing has 109 items along with related searches
• (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
• Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
• Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
  

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary

Problem	Reduces	Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving	3.4 times	Observe
1. Miscarriage	2.5 times	Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia	3.6 times	RCT
3. Gestational Diabetes	3 times	RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality	3.5 times	Observe
5. Premature birth	2 times	RCT
6. C-section - unplanned	1.6 times	Observe
Stillbirth - OMEGA-3	4 times	RCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy	1.4 times	RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age	1.6 times	meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size      within normal limits		RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing	1.3 times	RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic	4 times	Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis	1.9 times	Observe
13. Preeclampsia in young adult	3.5 times	RCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 3	1.4 times	Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy	5 times	RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits	2.5 times	RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial