T1 Diabetes increased about 15 percent per decade in Eastern Canada – Oct 2012

Recent incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children 0--14 years in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada climbs to over 45/100,000: a retrospective time trend study.

BMC Res Notes. 2012 Nov 12;5(1):628.
Newhook LA, Penney S, Fiander J, Dowden J.

BACKGROUND: To study and update the provincial incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), a province of Canada with a very high incidence previously reported in 2006, and one of the highest incidences reported worldwide. This is a retrospective time trend study of the incidence of T1DM, in children aged 0 -14 years from 1987 -2010 inclusive.

FINDINGS:
Over the study period 931 children aged 0--14 years were diagnosed with T1DM.
The incidence of T1DM in this population over the period 1987 - 2010 inclusive was 37.7 per 100,000 per year (95% CI 35. 3, 40.2)
The incidence from 2007 -2010 was 49.9 per 100,000 per year (95% CI 42.2, 57.6).
The incidence over this 24 year period increased by a factor of 1.03 per 100,000 per year.

CONCLUSION:
NL has one of the highest incidences of T1DM reported worldwide. Potential reasons for the very high incidence could be related to the

• unique genetic background of the population,
• northern latitude and vitamin D insufficiency,
• low breastfeeding rates, and
• high rates of cesarean section.

PMID: 23146327

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• T1 Diabetes 35 percent more likely if 10 degrees further from equator (less vitamin D) – June 2014 which reported at 27% increase in a decade
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