Vitamin K guidelines for neonates need to be reconsidered – March 2018

Vitamin K deficiency: a case report and review of current guidelines.

Ital J Pediatr. 2018 Mar 14;44(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s13052-018-0474-0.
Marchili MR1, Santoro E2, Marchesi A3, Bianchi S3, Rotondi Aufiero L3, Villani A3.

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BACKGROUND:
Vitamin K, a fat soluble vitamin, is a necessary cofactor for the activation of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C and S. In neonatal period, vitamin K deficiency may lead to Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB).

CASE PRESENTATION:
We present the case of a 2 months and 20 days Caucasian male, presented for bleeding from the injections sites of vaccines. At birth oral vitamin K prophylaxis was administered. Neonatal period was normal. He was exclusively breastfed and received a daily oral supplementation with 25 μg of vitamin K. A late onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding was suspected. Intravenous Vitamin K was administered with complete recovery.

CONCLUSIONS:
Nevertheless the oral prophylaxis, our case developed a VKDB: it is necessary to revise the current guidelines in order to standardize timing and dosage in different clinical conditions.

PMID: 29540231 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0474-0

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