Determination of Vitamin D and Its Metabolites in Human Brain Using an Ultra-Pressure LC–Tandem Mass Spectra Method
Current Developments in Nutrition, Vol 3, Issue 7, July 2019, https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz074
Xueyan Fu Gregory G Dolnikowski William B Patterson Bess Dawson-Hughes Tong Zheng Martha C Morris Thomas M Holland Sarah L Booth
Learned from Drew Makowski at the Vitamin D Workshop in New York City, June 2019
Heartland Assays - $200 to test for Vitamin D inside of Tissues
Note the 2X range in 25(OH) levels across brain regions for one person
Wonder what the variations might be for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, MS, Stroke, etc.
Wonder what the changes might be for dead people who had treated their Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, MS, Stroke, etc. with Vitamin D
Types of evidence that Vitamin D helps brain problems - 2014
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Background
Low serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] concentrations have been associated with cognitive impairment. However, it is unclear if serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations are a valid indicator of the concentrations of vitamin D and its metabolites in human brain.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method to quantify vitamin D3, 25(OH)D3, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] in human brain.
Methods
The assay developments were performed using porcine brains. Liquid extraction was used in homogenized samples (∼0.1 g each) prior to analysis by LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization following derivatization with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione. This method was then applied to the determination of vitamin D and its metabolites in a whole human brain obtained from the National Development and Research Institutes.
Results
The method showed good linearity of vitamin D3, 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 over the physiological range (R2 = 0.9995, 0.9968, and 0.9970, respectively). The lowest detection limit for vitamin D3, 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 in porcine brain was 25, 50 and 25 pg/g, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of vitamin D3 and its metabolites in the prefrontal cortex, middle frontal cortex, middle temporal cortex, cerebellum, corpus callosum, medulla, and pons of a human brain. All analyzed human brain regions contained 25(OH)D3, with corpus callosum containing 334 pg/g compared with 158 pg/g in cerebellum. 1,25(OH)2D3 was only detected in prefrontal and middle frontal cortices at a very low level. No vitamin D3 was detected in any examined areas of this single human brain.
Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report of the measurement of concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in human brain. This validated method can be applied to postmortem studies to obtain accurate information about the presence and role of vitamin D and its metabolites in human brain and neurodegenerative diseases.
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