Vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy adults: a comparison between capsule and oral spray solution as a method of delivery in a wintertime, randomised, open-label, cross-over study.
Br J Nutr. 2016 Oct;116(8):1402-1408. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
Todd JJ1, McSorley EM1, Pourshahidi LK1, Madigan SM2, Laird E3, Healy M4, Magee PJ1.
1 Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health,University of Ulster,Coleraine BT52 1SA,UK.
2 Irish Institute of Sport,Sports Campus Ireland,Dublin 15,Ireland.
3 School of Biochemistry and Immunology,Trinity College,Dublin 2,Ireland.
4 Department of Biochemistry,Central Pathology Laboratory,St. James's Hospital,Dublin 8,Ireland.
However, the spray form "should" be better for those
1) with poor guts
2) be faster than oral form
3) be better if not able to swallow pills
There are at least 11 ways of getting vitamin D
Vitamin D is typically supplied in capsule form, both in trials and in clinical practice. However, little is known regarding the efficacy of vitamin D administered via oral sprays - a method that primarily bypasses the gastrointestinal absorption route. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of vitamin D3 liquid capsules and oral spray solution in increasing wintertime total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. In this randomised, open-label, cross-over trial, healthy adults (n 22) received 3000 IU (75 µg) vitamin D3 daily for 4 weeks in either capsule or oral spray form. Following a 10-week washout phase, participants received the opposite treatment for a final 4 weeks. Anthropometrics and fasted blood samples were obtained before and after supplementation, with samples analysed for total 25(OH)D, creatinine, intact parathyroid hormone and adjusted Ca concentrations. At baseline, vitamin D sufficiency (total 25(OH)D>50 nmol/l), insufficiency (31-49 nmol/l) and clinical deficiency (<30 nmol/l) were evident in 59, 23 and 18 % of the participants, respectively. Overall, baseline total mean 25(OH)D concentration averaged 59·76 (sd 29·88) nmol/l, representing clinical sufficiency. ANCOVA revealed no significant difference in the mean and standard deviation change from baseline in total 25(OH)D concentrations between oral spray and capsule supplementation methods (26·15 (sd 17·85) v. 30·38 (sd 17·91) nmol/l, respectively; F=1·044, adjusted r 2 0·493, P=0·313). Oral spray vitamin D3 is an equally effective alternative to capsule supplementation in healthy adults.
PMID: 27724992 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114516003470