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Asthma at age 20 increased if vitamin D during pregnancy was higher than 50 ng – Oct 2015

The long-term programming effect of maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D in pregnancy on allergic airway disease and lung function in offspring after 20 to 25 years of follow-up.

J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Jul;136(1):169-176.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1924. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
Hansen S1, Maslova E2, Strøm M2, Linneberg A3, Halldorsson TI4, Granström C2, Dahl R5, Hoffmann HJ6, Olsen SF7.

Vitamin D Life Summary

Compared to 30 to 50 ng of vitamin D
80% increased chance of asthma if mother had > 50 ng of vitamin D
70% less risk of asthma hospitalizations if mother had < 20 ng of vitamin D

This seems to conflict with previous studies
Comments:

  • How did the women get such high levels of vitamin D decades ago?
  • Was the high vitamin D due to cod-liver oil, which results in high Vitamin A.
  • Notice that one of the authors is from Iceland – where cod-liver oil is used.
  • Tried to buy a copy of the PDF to investigate, but the publisher’s system had an error
  • There is a possibility that the high level of vitamin D during pregnancy programmed the child/adule to expect a lot of vitamin D in the environment, which it did not get. (epigenetics)

See also Vitamin D Life

1 Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: suu at ssi.dk.
2 Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
3 Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
4 Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
5 Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
6 Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
7 Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.

BACKGROUND:
High prenatal vitamin D status has been linked to decreased risk of atopic diseases in early childhood, but whether such relations persist until adulthood has not been explored.

OBJECTIVE:
We sought to examine the association between maternal 25-hydryxovitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations and outcomes of allergic airway disease and lung function in offspring with 20 to 25 years of follow-up.

METHODS:
In a prospective birth cohort with 965 pregnant women enrolled in 1988-1989, maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were quantified in serum from gestational week 30 (n = 850 [88%]). Offspring were followed in nationwide registries with complete follow-up to the age of 25 years (n = 850 [100%]). Additionally, at age 20 years, outcomes of allergic airway disease and lung function were assessed in a subset of offspring by using blood samples and spirometry (n = 410 [45%]) and a questionnaire (n = 641 [70%]).

RESULTS:
Exposure to a high maternal 25(OH)D concentration (≥125 nmol/L) was associated with an increased risk of asthma hospitalizations in offspring (hazard ratio [HR], 1.81; 95% CI, 0.78-4.16) during 25 years of follow-up compared with the reference group (75-<125 nmol/L). Furthermore, there were lower risks of asthma hospitalizations (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.08-1.02) and asthma medication use (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35-0.95) in those exposed to a low maternal 25(OH)D concentration (<50 nmol/L). In a reduced set of participants, we found no associations between maternal 25(OH)D concentrations and offspring allergen-specific IgE, total IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein levels; self-reported doctor's diagnosis of asthma or hay fever; or lung function at 20 years of age.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study does not provide support for a protective effect of a high maternal 25(OH)D concentration on outcomes of allergic airway disease and lung function at 20 to 25 years of age. In contrast, a high maternal 25(OH)D concentration might be associated with an increased risk of allergic diseases in offspring.

PMID: 25649083

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