Vitamin D Plasma Levels and In-Hospital and 1-Year Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndromes A Prospective Study
(Medicine 94(19):e857), DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000857
Monica De Metrio, MD, Valentina Milazzo, MD, Mara Rubino, MD, Angelo Cabiati, MD,
Marco Moltrasio, MD, Ivana Marana, MD, Jeness Campodonico, MD, Nicola Cosentino, MD,
Fabrizio Veglia, PhD, Alice Bonomi, PhD, Marina Camera, PhD,
Elena Tremoli, PhD, and Giancarlo Marenzi, MD
Deficiency in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), the main circulating form of vitamin D in blood, could be involved in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). To date, however, the possible prognostic relevance of 25 (OH)D deficiency in ACS patients remains poorly defined. The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the association between 25 (OH)D levels, at hospital admission, with in-hospital and 1-year morbidity and mortality in an unselected cohort of ACS patients.
We measured 25 (OH)D in 814 ACS patients at hospital presentation. Vitamin D serum levels >30ng/mL were considered as normal; levels between 29 and 21ng/mL were classified as insufficiency, and levels < 20ng/mL as deficiency. In-hospital and 1-year outcomes were evaluated according to 25 (OH)D level quartiles, using the lowest quartile as a reference.
Ninety-three (11%) patients had normal 25 (OH)D levels, whereas 155 (19%) and 566 (70%) had vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. The median 25 (OH)D level was similar in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients (14.1 [IQR 9.0-21.9] ng/mL and 14.05 [IQR 9.1-22.05] ng/mL, respectively; P — .88).The lowest quar- tile of 25 (OH)D was associated with a higher risk for several in-hospital complications, including mortality. At a median follow-up of 366 (IQR 364-379) days, the lowest quartile of 25 (OH)D, after adjustment for the main confounding factors, remained significantly associated to 1-year mortality (P < .01). Similar results were obtained when STEMI and NSTEMI patients were considered separately.
In ACS patients, severe vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with poor in-hospital and 1-year outcomes. Whether low vitamin D levels represent a risk marker or a risk factor in ACS remains to be elucidated.
Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life
Cardiovascular category starts with the following
429 items In Cardiovascular category- Overview Cardiovascular and vitamin D
- Hypertension and vitamin D
- Overview Metabolic Syndrome and vitamin D
- Overview Stroke and vitamin D
- Peripheral arterial disease risk is 1.5X higher if low vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2018
- Peripheral Arterial Disease 3.7 X more likely in diabetics with low vitamin D – June 2019
- Heart attack ICU costs cut in half by Vitamin D – Oct 2018
Meta-analyses
- Heart Failure and Vitamin D meta-analyses - 2016, 2019
- Cardiovascular death 1.5X more likely if less than 20 ng of Vitamin D – 22nd meta-analysis Nov 2019
- Vitamin D supplementation reduces many Cardiovascular Disease markers– meta-analysis July 2018
Omega-3 Helps
- Cardiovascular Prevention with Omega-3 (finally using high doses) – Sept 2019
- Higher Omega-3 index (4 to 8 percent) associated with 30 percent less risk of coronary disease (10 studies) July 2017
A poor Vitamin D Receptor can block Vitamin D in blood from getting to tissues
- Heart Failure 15X more likely if poor VDR, even if good level of vitamin D (China) – March 2019
- Coronary Artery Disease without diabetes 5 times more likely if VDR gene problems – meta-analysis May 2016
Cholesterol, Statins