The Vitamin D Serum Levels in Pregnant Women Affected by COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Nutrients Volume 15 Issue 11 10.3390/nu15112588
Luiza Szarpak 1,Stepan Feduniw 2,3,*ORCID,Michal Pruc 1,4ORCID,Michal Ciebiera 5ORCID,Basar Cander 6,Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah 7 and Łukasz Szarpak 8,9,10 ORCID
1 Research Unit, Polish Society of Disaster Medicine, 05-806 Warsaw, Poland
2 Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
3 Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
4 Research Unit, International Academy of Ecology and Medicine, 02091 Kyiv, Ukraine
5 Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
6 Department of Emergency Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
7 Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
8 Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
9 Research Unit, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Bialystok Oncology Center, 15-027 Bialystok, Poland
10 Institute of Outcomes Research, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland
Vitamin D can modulate immune responses, and its deficiency is linked to increased autoimmunity and susceptibility to infection. In the general population, it has been observed that serum vitamin D levels are connected with the risk of COVID-19 and its severity. Our study aims to examine reported findings on the effect of vitamin D serum levels on infection of COVID-19 during pregnancy. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. Serum vitamin D serum levels in COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative pregnant women were 24.61 ± 20.86 ng/mL and 24.12 ± 17.33 ng/mL, respectively.
In mild vs. moderate to critical COVID-19 pregnant women, vitamin D serum levels were 16.71 ± 9.04 ng/mL vs. 10.7 ± 9.37 ng/mL and severe vs. non-severe were 13.21 ± 11.47 ng/mL vs. 15.76 ± 10.0 ng/mL. Only one study reported vitamin D serum levels in the placenta of COVID-19-positive pregnant women compared with the control and results varied and amounted to 14.06 ± 0.51 ng/mL vs. 12.45 ± 0.58 ng/mL, respectively.
Vitamin D deficiency tends to be common in pregnant women who have COVID-19, and the level of this vitamin has been demonstrated to have a strong correlation with the severity of the illness. As vitamin D serum levels correlate with COVID-19 symptoms and even with its occurrence, appropriate vitamin D supplementation in the prenatal period is suggested.
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28 ; Depression 21 ; Diabetes 44 ; Obesity 15 ; Hypertension 44 ; Breathing 35 ; Omega-3 40 ; Vitamin D Receptor 24 Click here for details - All items in category Infant/Child
823 items - Pregnancy needs at least 40 ng of vitamin D, achieved by at least 4,000 IU – Hollis Aug 2017
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- Call to action – more Vitamin D for pregnancies, loading doses are OK – Holick Aug 2019
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- Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies 5+ studies
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134 items along with related searches - (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
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- Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
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Vitamin D Life -Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D contains
ProblemVit. D
ReducesEvidence 0. Chance of not conceiving 3.4 times Observe 1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe 2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 times RCT 3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT 4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe 5. Premature birth 2 times RCT 6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 times Observe Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 times RCT - Omega-3 7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT 8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis 9. Infant height, weight, head size
within normal limitsRCT 10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT 11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention 12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 times Observe 13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 times RCT 14. Good motor skills @ age 3 1.4 times Observe 15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT 16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
17+ Vitamin D Life Pregnancy pages with "COVID" in title
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Items found: 17Yet another reason to take Vitamin D while pregnant – fight COVID - meta-analysis May 2023Printer Friendly Follow this page for updates1074 visitors, last modified 23 Aug, 2023, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category) - All items in category Infant/Child