Vitamin K2 Modulates Vitamin D-Induced Mechanical Properties of Human 3D Bone Spheroids In Vitro
JBMR Plus, . 2020 Aug 3;4(9):e10394. doi: 10.1002/jbm4.10394
Maria Schröder 1, Elisabeth Aurstad Riksen 1, Jianying He 2, Bjørn Helge Skallerud 2, Mona Elisabeth Møller 3, Aina-Mari Lian 4, Unni Syversen 4 5 6, Janne Elin Reseland 1
Bone - Health category starts with the following
See also
- Overviews: Osteoporosis, Fractures, Rickets Dental Hair
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14 articles are in both Bone and Magnesium categories 25 articles are in both Bone and Vitamin K2 categories 11 articles are in both Bone and Sports categories 7 articles are in both Bone and Meta-analysis categories 22 articles are in both Fractures and Meta-analysis categories - Healthy bones need: Calcium, Vitamin D, Magnesium, Silicon, Vitamin K, and Boron – 2012
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Falls and Fractures category contains the following
219 items in FALLS and FRACTURES - see also Overview Seniors and Vitamin D
- Overview Fractures and Falls and Vitamin D
- Deaths due to falls doubled in just a decade (age-adjusted, perhaps decreased vitamin D) – June 2019
- Preventing Falls in Older Adults – Vitamin D combination is the best - JAMA Meta-analysis Nov 2017
- Falls cut in half by 100,000 IU vitamin D monthly - RCT 2016
- Vitamin D prevents falls – majority of meta-analyses conclude – meta-meta analysis Feb 2015
- Vitamin D and fractures – 24 meta-analyses and counting – Dec 2014
Hip fracture
- Search Vitamin D Life for "HIP FRACTURE" 191 items not in PDF as of July 2020
- A call to action: Vitamin D for hip fracture – Holick July 2020
- Risk factors for death after hip fracture surgery – 7 of the 8 are associated with low vitamin D – Aug 2020
- 3.5 X higher risk of death 2 years after hip fracture surgery if low vitamin D – Jan 2020
- Hip fracture recovery best with home exercise plus Vitamin D – RCT Dec 2018
- Hip fracture 58 percent more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2017
- Fracture risk 40 percent higher risk if low Vitamin D - June 2019
- 1 in 3 died after hip fracture but only 1 in 14 if add Vitamin D and exercise – RCT April 2017
Items in both categories Bone and Vitamin K are listed here:
- Bone increased : Stiffness (Vitamin D), Flexibility (Vitamin K2) – Sept 2020
- Bone quality improved 2X by Vitamin D plus Vitamin K2 (trend) – meta-analysis March 2020
- Vitamin D and Calcium do not increase bone density (also need exercise, Mg, K2, protein etc.) – RCT Aug 2019
- Vitamin K (any amount and any kind) reduced bone fractures by 24 percent – meta-analysis – May 2019
- Calcium Supplementation is OK provided you also take Vitamin K – Feb 2019
- Hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa (Vitamin D and Vitamin K) – March 2016
- Many seniors do not get enough protein, Vitamin D, Mg, etc. needed for bones – Feb 2019
- Adding just vitamin D again failed to add bone density (also need Magnesium, Vitamin K, etc) – RCT Aug 2018
- Osteocalcin – overview of the hormone needed to build bones, etc. Jan 2018
- Vitamin K and bone – review Oct 2017
- Bone formation in the lab is aided by Vitamin D, Vitamin K1, and Vitamin K2 – meta-analysis Nov 2017
- Better bones again associated with higher vitamin K intake – Nov 2015
- Vitamin K-2 – bone biomarkers indicate at least 600 ug of MK-4 are needed daily – Sept 2014
- Vitamin K2 (as MK-7) is needed for bone quality – Review Feb 2013
- Increased Vitamin K2 reduces the problems of excess Calcium – Nov 2013
- Vitamin K and bone health – need more research Oct 2013
- Vitamin K-2 (180 ug MK-7) helped both bone density and strength – RCT March 2013
- Healthy bones need Ca, Silicon, Vitamins B, C, D, and K – Dec 2012
- Increasing bone mineral density increases breast cancer by at least 2X – Aug 2012
- Healthy bones need: Calcium, Vitamin D, Magnesium, Silicon, Vitamin K, and Boron – 2012
- Vitamin D, K2, Magnesium, etc increase bone density when taking together– Jan 2012
- BONE SPURS not produced if have enough Vitamin D3, Vitamin K2, etc. – Nov 2011
- Vitamin K1 reduced hip fracture but Vitamin K2 did not – Aug 2011
- Women with hip fractures very low on vitamins D3 and K – Mar 2011
- Vitamin K2 from natto improved bone mineral density – March 2011
Items in both categories Fractures and Vitamin K are listed here:
- Bone increased : Stiffness (Vitamin D), Flexibility (Vitamin K2) – Sept 2020
- Vitamin K (any amount and any kind) reduced bone fractures by 24 percent – meta-analysis – May 2019
- Hard bones, soft arteries, rather than vice versa (Vitamin D and Vitamin K) – March 2016
- Low-energy bone fractures far more likely if poor Vitamin K ratio – June 2018
- Bone fracture (low energy) 19X more likely in children if low vitamin K2 - June 2017
- Hip fracture 50 percent more likely if low in both vitamin D and vitamin K1 – Dec 2015
- Hip fractures greatly reduced by sunshine, vitamin D, and vitamin K – meta-analysis Sept 2012
- Vitamin D – vitamin K – bittle bones – hardened arteries – LEF Sept 2010
 Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life
Rotational culture promotes primary human osteoblasts (hOBs) to form three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids with bone tissue-like structure without any scaffolding material. Cell-based bone models enable us to investigate the effect of different agents on the mechanical strength of bone. Given that low dietary intake of both vitamin D and K is negatively associated with fracture risk, we aimed to assess the effect of these vitamins in this system. Osteospheres of hOBs were generated with menaquinone-4 (MK-4; 10µM) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3; 0.01µM], alone and in combination, or without vitamins. The mechanical properties were tested by nanoindentation using a flat-punch compression method, and the mineralized extracellular bone matrix was characterized by microscopy. The in vitro response of hOBs to MK-4 and 25(OH)D3 was further evaluated in two-dimensional (2D) cultures and in the 3D bone constructs applying gene expression analysis and multiplex immunoassays.
Mechanical testing revealed that 25(OH)D3 induced a stiffer and MK-4 a softer or more flexible osteosphere compared with control. Combined vitamin conditions induced the same flexibility as MK-4 alone. Enhanced levels of periostin (p < 0.001) and altered distribution of collagen type I (COL-1) were found in osteospheres supplemented with MK-4. In contrast, 25(OH)D3 reduced COL-1, both at the mRNA and protein levels, increased alkaline phosphatase, and stimulated mineral deposition in the osteospheres. With the two vitamins in combination, enhanced gene expression of periostin and COL-1 was seen, as well as extended osteoid formation into the central region and increased mineral deposition all over the area. Moreover, we observed enhanced levels of osteocalcin in 2D and osteopontin in 3D cultures exposed to 25(OH)D3 alone and combined with MK-4.
In conclusion, the two vitamins seem to affect bone mechanical properties differently: vitamin D enhancing stiffness and K2 conveying flexibility to bone. These effects may translate to increased fracture resistance in vivo.Bone increased : Stiffness (Vitamin D), Flexibility (Vitamin K2) – Sept 2020212 visitors, last modified 01 Oct, 2020, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)Bone - Health269 Vitamin D and Vitamin K 127 Falls and Fractures 219 Attached files
ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads 14382 Bone MK-4.jpg admin 01 Oct, 2020 15:51 43.09 Kb 50 14381 Bone flexibility.jpg admin 01 Oct, 2020 15:51 41.96 Kb 56 14380 Vitamin K2 bone.pdf PDF 2020 admin 01 Oct, 2020 15:43 1.90 Mb 26 See any problem with this page? Report it (FINALLY WORKS)