Association between maternal vitamin D status with pregnancy outcomes and offspring growth in a population of Wuxi, China
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2021 Sep;30(3):464-476. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202109_30(3).0013.
Xinye Jiang 1, Jianan Lu 2, Yue Zhang 2, Haoyue Teng 2, Jingjing Pei 1, Chen Zhang 2, Bingbing Guo 3, Jieyun Yin 2
<12ng | 33% | |
12-20 ng | 75% | |
>20ng | 12% |
Most Chinese have less than 20 ng level of Vitamin D - meta-analysis Aug 2021 234,000 Chinese
Less than 3 percent of pregnant women in Shanghai had even 30 ng of vitamin D – June 2021
Pregnancy category starts with
- see also
- Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
- Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:
Dark Skin25 ; Depression 19 ; Diabetes 40 ; Obesity 12 ; Hypertension 36 ; Breathing 30 ; Omega-3 33 ; Vitamin D Receptor 21 - All items in category Infant/Child
666 items - breastfed OR breastfeeding 1920 items as of Dec 2020
- Preeclampsia in Vitamin D Life title (47 as of July 2021)
- Pre-term 368 items (not in PDF) as of Nov 2020
- "polycystic ovary syndrome" OR PCOS 303 items as of Jan 2018
- Gestational Diabetes
- c-section OR "caesarean section" (various spellings) 937 items as of Aug 2020
- postpartum depression 208 items as of Aug 2018
- Search VitaminDiiki for MISCARRIAGE OR "Spontaneous abortion" 794 as of Feb 2020
- Search Vitamin D Life for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Feb 2017
- Fertility and Sperm category listing has
117 items along with related searches - (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
- Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
- Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
- Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summaryProblemReduces Evidence 0. Chance of not conceiving 3.4 times Observe 1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe 2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 times RCT 3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT 4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe 5. Premature birth 2 times RCT 6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 times Observe Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 times RCT - Omega-3 7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT 8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis 9. Infant height, weight, head size
within normal limitsRCT 10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT 11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention 12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 times Observe 13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 times RCT 14. Good motor skills @ age 3 1.4 times Observe 15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT 16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
Background and objectives: The role of maternal vitamin D in infantile growth remains unclear.Methods and study design: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were examined for pregnancies who visited the Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to December 2017. Anthropometric measurements of corresponding offspring were performed from birth to 2 to 3 years old. Infantile body mass index (BMI) was transformed into age-, sex- and height- normalized z scores, and Latent Class Growth Mixture (LCGM) model was used to identify trajectories of BMI-Z.
Results: Among the 329 included pregnancy women,
- 109 (33.13 %), 190 (57.75%) and 30 (9.12%) were defined as vitamin D
- deficiency [25(OH)D <30 nmol/L], insufficiency [30 nmol/L≤25(OH)D<50 nmol/L] and sufficiency [25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L], respectively.
When compared with vitamin D sufficiency, maternal vitamin D deficiency was not associated with preterm birth [odds ratio (OR)=2.69, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=0.57-12.80], small for gestation age (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.29-3.46), and low birth weight (OR=1.69, 95% CI=0.34-8.51). Similarly, no significant relationships were found between maternal vitamin D concentrations and anthropometric indices (such as weight, length, BMI) during 0 to 3 years old. Furthermore, LCGM model identified two patterns of offspring growth: stable moderate BMI-Z and early transient BMI-Z groups. Maternal vitamin D levels were higher in the former group than the latter (p=0.037); however, maternal vitamin D status appeared to be unrelated with offspring BMI-Z trajectories in multivariable logistic regression models.
Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency may not be related to adverse pregnancy outcomes as well as offspring growth.
Maternal Vitamin D not associated with health in China (virually none had a healthy level) – Sept 202138 visitors, last modified 30 Sep, 2021, - All items in category Infant/Child