Miscarriage 2 times more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2017

Meta-analysis of the effect of the maternal vitamin D level on the risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss.

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017 May 13. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12209.
Zhang H1, Huang Z2, Xiao L3, Jiang X1, Chen D1, Wei Y1.

Vitamin D Life
  • 2.2 X more likely in first trimester if < 20 ng of Vitamin D
  • Note Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy often does not start until second trimester – which is too late to reduce miscarriages

Pregnancy category starts with

750 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary

Problem
ReducesEvidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits
RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial


See also web on Miscarriage

  • Early Pregnancy Loss Medscape Oct 2016
    "In the first trimester, embryonic causes of spontaneous abortion are the predominant etiology and account for 80-90% of miscarriages"
  • Statistics on Miscarriage including failure to implant and multiples (nothing about vitamin D)


BACKGROUND: he association between vitamin D deficiency and early spontaneous pregnancy loss (SPL) is unclear.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and SPL.

SEARCH STRATEGY: Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for relevant papers published before February 20, 2016, using search terms including "vitamin D" and "pregnancy loss."

SELECTION CRITERIA: Case-control and cohort studies investigating the relationship of maternal serum 25(OH)D and SPL were included.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted original data from the selected papers. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed by calculating I2 .

MAIN RESULTS: Five studies, including 10 630 pregnant women, met the inclusion criteria. There was no significant association between a low 25(OH)D level and an increased risk of SPL.
In a subgroup analysis, an extremely low 25(OH)D level (<20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with an increased risk of SPL in the first trimester (relative risk 2.24, 95% confidence interval 1.15-4.37); the heterogeneity across studies was not significant (I2 =0.0%, P=0.355).

CONCLUSIONS: Severe Vitamin D deficiency could be detrimental to early embryonic development and increase the risk of early SPL

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