Meta-analysis of the effect of the maternal vitamin D level on the risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017 May 13. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12209.
Zhang H1, Huang Z2, Xiao L3, Jiang X1, Chen D1, Wei Y1.
- 2.2 X more likely in first trimester if < 20 ng of Vitamin D
- Note Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy often does not start until second trimester – which is too late to reduce miscarriages
- Just 400 IU of daily Vitamin D reduced miscarriage (recurrent) by 3.5 times – RCT July 2016
- Miscarriage 70 percent more likely if low vitamin D (see also data on CYP27B1) – May 2016
- Miscarriage in first trimester 2.5X more likely if less than 20 ng of vitamin D – July 2015
- Second miscarriage associated with low vitamin D – review June 2018
- Miscarriage 32 percent more likely if work night shift (probably low Vitamin D) – April 2019
Pregnancy category starts with
750 items in Pregnancy category- see also
- Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
- Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:
Dark Skin 25; Depression 17; Diabetes 39; Obesity 12; Hypertension 35; Breathing 29; Omega-3 30; Vitamin D Receptor 18 - All items in category Infant/Child 606 items
- breastfed 887 items as of Jan 2018
- Preeclampsia 825 items as of Jan 2018
- Pre-term 4710 items as of Dec 2018
- "polycystic ovary syndrome" OR PCOS 303 items as of Jan 2018
- Gestational Diabetes
- c-section OR "caesarean section" (various spellings) 937 items as of Aug 2020
- postpartum depression 208 items as of Aug 2018
- Search VitaminDiiki for MISCARRIAGE OR "Spontaneous abortion" 794 as of Feb 2020
- Search Vitamin D Life for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Feb 2017
- Fertility and Sperm category listing has 109 items along with related searches
- (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
- Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
- Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary
Problem | Reduces | Evidence |
0. Chance of not conceiving | 3.4 times | Observe |
1. Miscarriage | 2.5 times | Observe |
2. Pre-eclampsia | 3.6 times | RCT |
3. Gestational Diabetes | 3 times | RCT |
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality | 3.5 times | Observe |
5. Premature birth | 2 times | RCT |
6. C-section - unplanned | 1.6 times | Observe |
Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 | 4 times | RCT - Omega-3 |
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy | 1.4 times | RCT |
8. Small for Gestational Age | 1.6 times | meta-analysis |
9. Infant height, weight, head size within normal limits | RCT | |
10. Childhood Wheezing | 1.3 times | RCT |
11. Additional child is Autistic | 4 times | Intervention |
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis | 1.9 times | Observe |
13. Preeclampsia in young adult | 3.5 times | RCT |
14. Good motor skills @ age 3 | 1.4 times | Observe |
15. Childhood Mite allergy | 5 times | RCT |
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits | 2.5 times | RCT |
RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
See also web on Miscarriage
- Early Pregnancy Loss Medscape Oct 2016
"In the first trimester, embryonic causes of spontaneous abortion are the predominant etiology and account for 80-90% of miscarriages" - Statistics on Miscarriage including failure to implant and multiples (nothing about vitamin D)
BACKGROUND: he association between vitamin D deficiency and early spontaneous pregnancy loss (SPL) is unclear.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and SPL.
SEARCH STRATEGY: Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for relevant papers published before February 20, 2016, using search terms including "vitamin D" and "pregnancy loss."
SELECTION CRITERIA: Case-control and cohort studies investigating the relationship of maternal serum 25(OH)D and SPL were included.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted original data from the selected papers. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed by calculating I2 .
MAIN RESULTS: Five studies, including 10 630 pregnant women, met the inclusion criteria. There was no significant association between a low 25(OH)D level and an increased risk of SPL.
In a subgroup analysis, an extremely low 25(OH)D level (<20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with an increased risk of SPL in the first trimester (relative risk 2.24, 95% confidence interval 1.15-4.37); the heterogeneity across studies was not significant (I2 =0.0%, P=0.355).
CONCLUSIONS: Severe Vitamin D deficiency could be detrimental to early embryonic development and increase the risk of early SPL