Colorectal Cancer treatment aided by omega-3 plus weekly Vitamin D – RCT

Created September 2019

Effects of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Co-Supplementation on Inflammatory Factors and Tumor Marker CEA in Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical trial

Nutrition and Cancer https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2019.1659380

Fatemeh Haidari, Behnaz Abiri, Masood Iravani, Kambiz Ahmadi-Angali & Mohammadreza Vafa

8 weeks of Omega-3 daily plus 50,000 IU vitamin D weeklyThe good results would have been great if hadUsed more Vitamin D (perhaps a loading dose)Used a gut-friendly form of vitamin DParticipants take the Vitamin D with the largest meal of the dayStarted the Vitamin D and Omega-3 before the surgeryDose sizes which varied with weight (not one-size-fits-all)---* Death from Colon Cancer 8 X less likely if good level of vitamin D – Nov 2018* Chemotheraphy not work as well with low Vitamin D (colon cancer this time) – Aug 2018* Colorectal cancer is associated with Vitamin D (17 meta-analyses so far) – July 2018Omega-3* Omega 3 increases vitamin D in the blood – many studies* Overview: Omega-3 many benefits include helping vitamin DOmega-3 and Cancer* Omega-3 reduces side effects of Cancer treatments – April 2019* Omega-3 prevents and treats several cancers – Sept 2017* Breast cancer cells killed synergistically by Vitamin D plus Omega-3 (lab) – June 2017* Hypothesis – anticancer benefits from synergy of omega-3 and vitamin D – May 2011* Cisplatin chemotherapy dose size might be reduced by Omega-3 – Jan 2018Vitamin D and Cancer* Vitamin D prevents breast cancer, reduces BC mortality, and reduces BC chemotherapy problems – Sept 2018Vitamin D Receptor can limit the amount of Vitamin D actually getting to tissue* Colon Cancer survival 3.1 X less likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2017* Risk of Cancer increased if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 73 studies Jan 2016Chemo works better with when there is a good level of Vitamin D* Chemotheraphy not work as well with low Vitamin D (colon cancer this time) – Aug 2018* ((Breast Cancer chemotherapy 2.7 X more likely to be successful if not vitamin D deficient – Dec 2017) 1. Cancer - Colon category starts with the following{include}

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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on inflammatory factors and tumor marker CEA in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: In this study, 81 patients with stage ӀӀ or ӀӀӀ colorectal cancer were randomly assigned into four groups: (1) control: receiving a vitamin D placebo, weekly + two omega-3 fatty acid placebo capsules, daily; (2) omega-3 fatty acid, receiving two omega-3 fatty acid capsules (each capsule containing 330 mg of omega-3 fatty acids), daily + a vitamin D placebo, weekly; (3) vitamin D, receiving a 50,000 IU vitamin D soft gel, weekly + two omega-3 fatty acid placebo capsules, daily; (4) co-supplementation, receiving a 50,000 IU vitamin D soft gel, weekly + two omega-3 fatty acids capsules, for 8 weeks. Before and after the intervention, serum levels of 25(OH)D, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, NF-kB activity, and tumor marker CEA, were measured.

Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, patients who received combined vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids supplements compared with omega-3, vitamin D, and placebo had significantly decreased TNF-α, and IL-1β (P < .05). In addition, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor marker CEA were decreased significantly in omega-3, vitamin D, and co-supplementation of them, compared with baseline. NF-kB activity was decreased significantly in vitamin D and co-supplementation groups, compared with baseline. Regarding CEA, there was no significant difference between the four groups at the end of intervention (P > .05).

Conclusion: Results show that co-supplementation of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation, in colorectal cancer patients have beneficial impacts on inflammation and tumor marker CEA.

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