Vitamin D Supplementation Modulates T Cell-Mediated Immunity in Humans: Results from a Randomized Control Trial.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Feb;101(2):533-8. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-3599. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
Konijeti GG1, Arora P1, Boylan MR1, Song Y1, Huang S1, Harrell F1, Newton-Cheh C1, O'Neill D1, Korzenik J1, Wang TJ1, Chan AT1.
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CONTEXT: Although studies have linked vitamin D deficiency with immune-mediated diseases, data demonstrating a direct effect on T-cell function are sparse.
OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether oral vitamin D3 influences T-cell activation in humans with vitamin D deficiency.
DESIGN: This was a single-center ancillary study within Vitamin D Therapy in Individuals at High Risk of Hypertension, a double-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: This study was undertaken in a single academic medical center.
PARTICIPANTS: Adults with vitamin D deficiency and untreated pre- or early stage I hypertension were included.
INTERVENTION:
In Vitamin D Therapy in Individuals at High Risk of Hypertension, participants were randomized to either low- (400 IU daily) or high- (4000 IU daily) dose oral vitamin D3 for 6 months. In this ancillary study of 38 patients, we measured CD4+ T-cell activation estimated by intracellular ATP release after stimulation of whole blood with plant lectin phytohemagglutinin collected at baseline (pretreatment) and 2-month follow-up.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:
Determining whether ATP level changes were significantly different between treatment groups was the main outcome measure.
RESULTS:
Treatment with 4000 IU of vitamin D3 decreased intracellular CD4+ ATP release by 95.5 ng/ml (interquartile range, -219.5 to 105.8). In contrast, 400 IU of vitamin D3 decreased intracellular CD4+ ATP release by 0.5 ng/ml (interquartile range, -69.2 to 148.5). In a proportional odds model, high-dose vitamin D3 was more likely than low-dose vitamin D3 to decrease CD4+ ATP release (odds ratio, 3.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.11).
CONCLUSIONS:
In this ancillary study of a randomized controlled trial, we found that high-dose vitamin D3 significantly reduced CD4+ T-cell activation compared to low-dose vitamin D3, providing human evidence that vitamin D can influence cell-mediated immunity.
PMID: 26653112 PMCID: PMC4880125 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3599
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