Key Vitamin D Target Genes with Functions in the Immune System
by Oona Koivisto ,Andrea Hanel and Carsten Carlberg
School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 1140; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041140 (registering DOI)
Received: 31 March 2020 / Revised: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 16 April 2020 / Published: 19 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D on Immune Function) the only one as of April 2020
This study does not mention those genes which restrict how much vitamin D gets to and remains in the blood
and those genes which restrict how much vitamin D gets from the blood the cells.
This study does not mention those genes which reduce the foritification of the adaptive immune system.
Immunity category starts with
see also
Virus category listing hasOverview Influenza and vitamin D
Search for treg OR "t-cell" in Vitamin D Life 1440 items as of Jan 2020
Search VitaminDWik for INFECTION in title 50 items as of Aug 2019
Search VitaminDWik for BACTERIA in title 25 items as of Aug 2019
Vitamin D and the Immune System – chapter Aug 2019
7X less risk of influenza if Vitamin D levels higher than 30 ng – Oct 2017
Common cold prevented and treated by Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Zinc, and Echinacea – review April 2018
Vitamin D improves T Cell immunity – RCT Feb 2016
Vitamin D Every Day to Keep the Infection Away 2015 file
shows increasing publications on vitamin D and Infection
A few of the recent Immunity and Vitamin D studies
- Clear Association between Influenza and low Vitamin D - March 2020
- Immune system is capable of producing 1 Quadrillion unique antibodies - Jan 2019
- Immune system is fortified by micronutrients such as vitamin D – Review Jan 2020
- Vitamins and Metals needed by the Immune System – Jan 2020
- Diabetes, immune system and Vitamin D – book chapter – 2019
- I have a PhD in immunology and this is how I keep my daughter from getting sick during the winter
- Helicobacter pylori infection 11 X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Aug 2019
- Vitamin D and the Immune System – chapter Aug 2019
- Vitamin D Receptor, the gut, the immune system, and the Middle East – May 2019
- Treatment of neonate sepsis greatly aided by Vitamin D – RCT June 2019
- How Vitamin D reduces inflammation, improves immunity and fights autoimmunity – review Dec 2018
- Vitamin D decreases oxidative stress – meta-analysis Nov 2018
- Common cold prevented and treated by Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Zinc, and Echinacea – review April 2018
Vitamin D Receptor is associated in over 58 autoimmune studies
Genetics category listing contains the following
see also
384 articles in Vitamin D Receptor 141 articles in Vitamin D Binding Protein = GC 35 articles in CYP27B1 - Topical Vitamin D
- Nanoemulsion Vitamin D may be a substantially better form
- Getting Vitamin D into your body
Vitamin D blood test misses a lot
- Snapshot of the literature by Vitamin D Life as of early 2019
- Vitamin D from coming from tissues (vs blood) was speculated to be 50% in 2014, and by 2017 was speculated to be 90%
- Note: Good blood test results (> 40 ng) does not mean that a good amount of Vitamin D actually gets to cells
- A Vitamin D test in cells rather than blood was feasible (2017 personal communication)
- Commercially available 2019
- However test results would vary in each tissue due to multiple genes
- Good clues that Vitamin D is being restricted from getting to the cells
1) A vitamin D-related health problem runs in the family- especially if it is one of 51+ diseases related to Vitamin D Receptor
2) Slightly increasing Vitamin D show benefits (even if conventional Vitamin D test shows an increase)
3) Vitamin D Receptor test (<$30) scores are difficult to understand in 2016- easier to understand the VDR 23andMe test results analyzed by FoundMyFitness in 2018
4) Back Pain- probably want at least 2 clues before taking adding vitamin D, Omega-3, Magnesium, Resveratrol, etc
- The founder of Vitamin D Life took action with clues #3&4
Vitamin D Receptor activation can be increased by any of: Resveratrol, Omega-3, Magnesium, Zinc, Quercetin, non-daily Vit D, Curcumin, intense exercise, Ginger, Essential oils, etc Note: The founder of Vitamin D Life uses 10 of the 12 known VDR activatorsDownload the PDF from Vitamin D Life
The biologically active form of vitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), modulates innate and adaptive immunity via genes regulated by the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). In order to identify the key vitamin D target genes involved in these processes, transcriptome-wide datasets were compared, which were obtained from a human monocytic cell line (THP-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated in vitro by 1,25(OH)2D3, filtered using different approaches, as well as from PBMCs of individuals supplemented with a vitamin D3 bolus. The led to the genes ACVRL1, CAMP, CD14, CD93, CEBPB, FN1, MAPK13, NINJ1, LILRB4, LRRC25, SEMA6B, SRGN, THBD, THEMIS2 and TREM1. Public epigenome- and transcriptome-wide data from THP-1 cells were used to characterize these genes based on the level of their VDR-driven enhancers as well as the level of the dynamics of their mRNA production. Both types of datasets allowed the categorization of the vitamin D target genes into three groups according to their role in
- (i) acute response to infection,
- (ii) infection in general and
- (iii) autoimmunity.
In conclusion, 15 genes were identified as major mediators of the action of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity and their individual functions are explained based on different gene regulatory scenarios.
From the PDF
Figure 5. Functional profile of key immune-related vitamin D target genes.
Schematic picture of a cell indicating the main location of the proteins encoded by the 15 key genes.
The information is based on GeneCards (www.genecards.org) and publications cited in the text.
The classification of the proteins (group 1: orange, group 2: green, group 3: blue) is based on their transcriptome profile (Figure 4).
The main immune-related function of the protein groups is indicated in red.Vitamin D fortification of the innate immune system can be limited by 15 genes – April 2020Printer Friendly PDF this page! Follow this page for updates621 visitors, last modified 19 Apr, 2020, Attached files
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